Abstract

Climate data governance is essential to overcome fragmented initiatives and to support the monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) of Chile's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and the implementation of the Framework Law on Climate Change. This annex defines climate data broadly, covering physical Earth-system observations as well as socioeconomic and environmental data, and proposes a National Climate Data Governance Framework. The framework sets out common standards, protocols, institutional responsibilities and interoperability requirements across government, science, the private sector and civil society. It reviews the main barriers to climate data management in Chile and international trends, including the Open Government Partnership, the Open Data Charter and the Global Stocktake. It then evaluates the 2020 NDC and its 2022 update in three areas. For quantitative commitments, it calls for clear baselines, trajectories and MRV methodologies, especially for land use, forests, peatlands and oceans. For metrics and indicators, it calls for defined data sources, cross-sector metrics and alignment with UN and IPCC indicator frameworks. For implementation mechanisms, it calls for transparent governance, enabling digital infrastructure and human capacity.