Abstract

A new model is presented that determines the traffic equilibrium on congested networks using link densities as well as costs in a manner consistent with the fundamental traffic equation. The solution so derived satisfies Wardrop's first principle. This density-based approach recognizes traffic flow reductions that may occur when network traffic congestion is high; also, it estimates queue lengths (i.e., the number of vehicles on saturated links), and it explicitly takes into account the maximum flow a link can handle, which is defined by the fundamental traffic equation. The model is validated using traffic microsimulations and implemented on a typical Nguyen-Dupuis network to compare it with a flow-based approach. System optimal assignment model based on link densities is also presented.