Abstract

This article attempts to develop for the first time a comparative analysis of the spatial organization strategies during the middle period (AD 500-1000) in two valleys located in the border between Chile and Peru, Azapa and Caplina respectively. In order to develop this study, we have used data obtained through the register of villages and camps, essential housing information for the understanding of the forms of organization of the settlement patterns of these pre-Hispanic village populations since agricultural development. The elements analyzed are the following: (a) importance of water resources, (b) organization of interior or exterior spaces of the settlements, through the analysis of areas of activity; (c) linking of settlements with trails, rockfigures, and geographic milestones, (d) extension of settlements and characteristics of the space where they settled; and (e) constructive systems through the analysis of the forms of facilities and materials The results of the data analysis show generally similar processes for both valleys, however, Azapa had the existence of a settlement like the San Lorenzo Pukara, which served as articulator for the villages dispersed along the valley, becoming a unifying reference, situation not verified in Caplina, since there isn't a settlement of these characteristics. .