Abstract

The polymer is a long-chain organic molecule that is made up of a number n of repeating units, usually known as “monomers.” In the early 1980s, polythiophene (PT) was first synthesized via oxidative polymerization of thiophene monomer. In 1968, polypyrrole was shown to be a conducting polymer. It is a p-type organic semiconductor that has broad absorption from ultraviolet to the visible light region, easy preparation, superior electrochemical properties, electrical conductivity, water solubility, and flexibility. Conductive polymers are also used as interlayers in lithium-sulfur batteries, since they possess rich heteroatoms that can provide effective binding energies for polysulfide trapping. Batteries are the most common power source for handheld devices to large-scale industrial applications. A battery consists of a cathode, anode, and electrolyte. They can be classified as two types. They are primary battery or nonrechargeable battery, and secondary or rechargeable battery. In the early 1980s, PT was first synthesized via oxidative polymerization of thiophene monomer.