Abstract

The Obukhov-Kolmogorov (OK) theory has provided us with the very well- known –11/3-power spectrum; widely assumed as a valid model for the refractive index fluctuations in the whole atmosphere. Within its reach, the strength of the fluctuations are conveyed by the structure constant, Cn2. Yet, the OK model presupposes the existence of statistical isotropy and homogeneity–both for the velocity and refractive index fluctuations. In this work, we show that this is a rare occurrence in turbulent airflow above the ocean. Therefore, we need to re-evaluate the physical meaning of Cn2 measurements.