Abstract

Given the increase and relevance of chronic diseases worldwide during the last decades and the impact of self-management of these diseases for their control, the objective of this review was to systematize the evidence reported on factors related to the self-management of chronic noncommunicable diseases. For this purpose, and following the guidelines and recommendations of the PRISMA declaration, the Web of Science, Scopus and Pubmed databases were reviewed. Thirty-five empirical studies, in Spanish and English, published between 2018 and 2022, that met the inclusion criteria were selected. The results provided evidence on various predictors of chronic disease self-management at different levels. At the individual level, psychological variables such as self-efficacy, anxious-depressive symptomatology and knowledge of the disease, sociodemographic variables such as age, socioeconomic status, level of education and clinical variables associated with health status are included. At the community level, social support and literacy stand out, and structural factors associated with public health policies and culture. Their implications and limitations are discussed.