Abstract

Attention Deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents that has a significant impact on school, social and emotional life. This study estimated the prevalence of ADHD in the province of Concepción (Chile) during 2023. Official data from the Ministry of Education were used (N = 97959 students aged 6 to 17 years). Variables such as sex, age and urban/rural condition were analyzed using contingency tables, chi-square and Z-test. The overall prevalence was 3,43 %, with a communal variation ranging from 1,88 % to 6,84 %. Significant differences were found by sex, with a higher prevalence in males (4,04 %) compared to females (2,81 %). The highest incidence was observed in the 10-13 years age group (47,5 %), suggesting a possible influence of higher school demands in this period. There were no significant differences in prevalence between students from urban (3,43 %) and rural (3,51 %) schools. These results, although slightly different from international studies, highlight the need for local studies to understand the sociodemographic and contextual variables that influence the prevalence of ADHD in the province. Limitations of the study include its reliance on administrative data, variability in diagnostic procedures, and the absence of data from private schools that could underestimate provincial and communal prevalence rates. This study contributes to the knowledge of ADHD in Chile and can provide evidence for the development of efficient public policies for diagnosis and treatment. ©© 2025 RPCNA.