Abstract

Stroke is the third leading specific cause of death in Chile, with a significant reduction in the mortality rate between 2000 and 2020. Emphasis is placed on the importance of stroke prevention, especially in older adults (OA), who are at higher risk due to the high prevalence of cerebrovascular risk factors such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. Most strokes are preventable through lifestyle changes, including a proper diet and regular exercise. The aim of this manuscript is to present the available evidence on the effect of nutrition in the primary and secondary prevention of stroke in older people. According to international guidelines for stroke prevention, the importance of plant-based diets such as the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) is highlighted. Specific recommendations for stroke prevention in the Chilean population are provided, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach that includes lifestyle modifications and the promotion of a Mediterranean diet adapted to Chile. © 2025 Sociedad Chilena de Nutrición, Bromatología y Toxicología.