Abstract

Key MessageSouthern temperate rainforests harbor exceptional endemic biodiversity and large carbon stocks but remain underrepresented in global monitoring networks. Here, we present a dataset and standardized census protocol from a 1-ha permanent plot in an old-growth temperate rainforest in Chilo & eacute;, Chile. The data obtained in two censuses (2014, 2024) reveal that the forest has abundant regeneration but offsets high mortality and biomass accumulation in large trees. This dataset establishes the first long-term demographic baseline for these forests, enabling future censuses to assess how warming and drying trends may alter tree recruitment, growth, and mortality dynamics. Dataset access is at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17398246 and metadata are available at: https://metadata-afs.nancy.inra.fr/geonetwork/srv/fre/catalog.search#/metadata/7a3e9aca-9125-4ab3-a072-10b034eb122b.