Abstract

Several studies have identified gender differences in adult attachment; however, findings have been mixed regarding the direction and magnitude of these differences. Such inconsistencies may be related to the influence of moderating variables, a topic that still requires further exploration. The present study addresses this gap by examining gender differences in the dimensions of attachment anxiety and avoidance, and by testing whether adulthood stage, sexual orientation, and relationship status moderate these differences. A sample of 15,422 Chilean adults aged 18 to 82 years completed the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale. Results showed that, on average, women reported higher levels of attachment anxiety than men, whereas men exhibited higher levels of avoidance. However, these differences were moderated by adulthood stage, sexual orientation, and relationship status. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of considering contextual and demographic factors to better understand gender differences in adult attachment.