Cadmium Screening in Soils and Cacao Beans from the Main Plantation Sites in Venezuela

Marcano, Eunice; Arrieche, Dioni; Rodriguez-Ramos, Fatima

Abstract

This work aimed to contribute to a cadmium screening in soils and cacao beans from the main plantation sites in Venezuela by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. Among them are Miranda, Sucre, M & eacute;rida-Zulia, and Barinas states, where cadmium levels fluctuated significantly. Despite the reduced number of samples and high intra-zonal variability, the soil Cd concentration in the plantations averaged 0.22 & micro;g g-1, lower than the recommended maximum for agricultural soils (0.43 & micro;g g-1). Cacao beans averaged 1.85 & micro;g g-1, well above the upper limit recommended by the European Cocoa Association (0.6 & micro;g g-1). The highest values were recorded for Miranda plantations. Soils from the plantations in Sucre, M & eacute;rida-Zulia, and Barinas have Cd concentrations below the detection limit of the ICP-OES method applied (0.035 & micro;g g-1). A significant correlation was detected between the total Cd content of soil and the concentration of Cd in cacao beans.

Más información

Título según WOS: ID WOS:001795701200003 Not found in local WOS DB
Título de la Revista: BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
Volumen: 117
Número: 1
Editorial: Springer
Fecha de publicación: 2026
DOI:

10.1007/s00128-026-04273-4

Notas: ISI