Abstract

A number of studies have proposed interactive applications for blind people. One line of research is the use of interactive interfaces based on sound to enhance cognition in blind children. Even though these studies have emphasized learning and cognition, there is still a shortage of applications to assist the development and use of memory in these children. This study presents the design, development, and usability of AudioMemory, a virtual environment based on audio to develop and use short-term memory. AudioMemory was developed by and for blind children. They participated in the design and usability tested the software during and after development. We also introduce AudioMath, an instance of AudioMemory to assist mathematics learning in children with visual disabilities. Our results evidenced that sound can be a powerful interface to develop and enhance memory and mathematics learning in blind children. Copyright 2004 ACM.