Abstract

This paper describes structural optimization formulations for trusses and applies them to size and geometrically optimize lateral bracing systems. The paper provides analytical solutions for simple and limit cases and uses numerical optimization for cases where analytical solutions are not available. The analysis is based on small displacements, constant or no connection costs, static loads, and elastic behavior. This work provides guidance to improve the common engineering practice of locating the bracing point at the middle or at the top of the bay/story panel.