Abstract

The chromosome Philadelphia represents an important marker of malign clone in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), this formed by the fusion of the genes ABL and BCR and where the re- sulting protein of this coalition presents activity tyrosine kinasa, and it is the responsible for the phenotype leukemogenic. The imatinib is an inhibitor of the activity tyrosine kinasa that causes the disappearance from the complex BCR-ABL to the year of treatment with this drug. The objective of this investigation was to determine the presence of the complex BCR-ABL, in patient with CML after the treatment with Imatinib during one year. 30 samples were analyzed of patient with diagnose from CML to the beginning, to the 6 months and the year of treatment, by cytogenetic conventional techniques and D-FISH for detection of chromosome Philadelphia and complex BCR-ABL, the results both cytogenetic an molecular was reported according ISCN 2005, To the year of treatment with the Imatinib 16/30 patients (53,33%) they were able to reach disappearance of the chromosome Philadelphia for conventional cytogenetic, technique without molecular remission. On the other hand the presence of additional chromosomal anomalies was observed in the cells Ph-negative. Exist mechanisms that have been associated with resistance to the Imatinib, as the additional chromosomal alterations some of them have been associated with progression toward acute phase, however in our patients until the moment has not happened, by this reason is necessary to investigate other resistance mechanisms.