L-NIL prevents the ischemia and reperfusion injury involving TLR-4, GST, clusterin, and NFAT-5 in mice

Pasten C.; Alvarado C.; Rocco J.; Contreras L.; Aracena P.; Liberona, J; Suazo C.; Michea L.; Irarrázabal C.E.

Abstract

On renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, recruitment of neutrophils during the inflammatory process promotes local generation of oxygen and nitrogen reactive species, which, in turn, are likely to exacerbate tissue damage. The mechanism by which inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is involved in I/R has not been elucidated. In this work, the selective iNOS inhibitor L-N-6-(1-iminoethyl)lysine (L-NIL) and the NOS substrate L-arginine were employed to understand the role of NOS activity on the expression of particular target genes and the oxidative stress elicited after a 30-min of bilateral renal ischemia, followed by 48-h reperfusion in Balb/c mice. The main findings of the present study were that pharmacological inhibition of iNOS with L-NIL during an I/R challenge of mice kidney decreased renal injury, prevented tissue loss of integrity, and improved renal function. Several novel findings regarding the molecular mechanism by which iNOS inhibition led to these protective effects are as follows: 1) a prevention of the I/R-related increase in expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), and its downstream target, IL-1 beta; 2) reduced oxidative stress following the I/R challenge; noteworthy, this study shows the first evidence of glutathione S-transferase (GST) inactivation following kidney I/R, a phenomenon fully prevented by iNOS inhibition; 3) increased expression of clusterin, a survival autophagy component; and 4) increased expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT-5) and its target gene aquaporin-1. In conclusion, prevention of renal damage following I/R by the pharmacological inhibition of iNOS with L-NIL was associated with the inactivation of proinflammatory pathway triggered by TLR-4, oxidative stress, renoprotection (autophagy inactivation), and NFAT-5 signaling pathway.

Más información

Título según WOS: L-NIL prevents the ischemia and reperfusion injury involving TLR-4, GST, clusterin, and NFAT-5 in mice
Título según SCOPUS: l-NIL prevents the ischemia and reperfusion injury involving TLR-4, GST, clusterin, and NFAT-5 in mice
Título de la Revista: American Journal Physiology-Renal Physiology
Volumen: 316
Número: 4
Editorial: AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
Fecha de publicación: 2019
Página de inicio: F624
Página final: F634
Idioma: English
DOI:

10.1152/ajprenal.00398.2018

Notas: ISI, SCOPUS