Abstract

This paper describes a comprehensive investigation of a robotically assisted 3D printing system using Cob which is an earth-based traditional building material, consisting of subsoil, water and natural fibres. 3D printed earthen construction materials embody a transition from a vernacular approach to a digital research and development process. The paper describes the methodology of producing revised cob recipes to suit the purpose of 3D printing. The exploration involved the development of a novel 3D printing system based on experimentations with several material extrusion methods. These methods included testing of pneumatic, screw and electromechanical extruders. The paper then addresses a systematic exploration of the relationship between the developed 3D printing system and Cob, and the new geometric and design opportunities it offers. The findings are expected to bring 3D printed cob construction closer to full-scale applications. On a broader scale the study contributes to the disciplines of architectural design and construction by providing a framework capable of bridging the knowledge gap between vernacular modes of building production and contemporary digital practice.