Abstract

Several technological applications require the translation of a protein into a nucleic acid that codes for it ("backtranslation"). The degeneracy of the genetic code makes this translation ambiguous; moreover, not every translation is equally viable. The common answer to this problem is the imitation of the codon usage of the target species. Here we discuss several other features of coding sequences ("coding statistics") that are relevant for the "genomic style" of different species. A genetic algorithm is then used to obtain backtranslations that mimic these styles, by minimizing the difference in the coding statistics. Possible improvements and applications are discussed. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.