Abstract

In this article we explain the sociopolitical conditions that favored the alliance between the Mapuche and the farmer movement, and the resulting outbreak of the Mapuche-farmer social movement in the Araucanía during the agrarian reform. Secondly, we also explain the development of the sectors and types of mobilization that divided the movement. We argue that from 1958 until the coup d´état, there were objective conditions that catalyzed the Mapuche-farmer conflict, allowing to the subjects to implement new strategies of mobilization. These conditions were structured from the democratic expansion that came with the enactment of the Electoral Reform Law and the legal corpus that deepened the Agrarian Reform in 1967, in the Frei Montalva and then in the Allende government, to which the support of the movement would be added by the revolutionary left and the parties. These conditions allowed the creation of what is known as a Political Opportunity Structure favourable to the Mapuche-farmer movement, which was divided into two major sectors, that reflected the possible mobilization alternatives: within the institution and out of this.