Abstract

We present Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) CO (J = 1 -> 0) observations and Herschel PACS spectroscopy, characterizing the outflow properties toward extremely young and deeply embedded protostars in the Orion molecular clouds. The sample comprises a subset of the Orion protostars known as the PACS Bright Red Sources (PBRS; Stutz et al.). We observed 14 PBRS with CARMA and 8 of these 14 with Herschel, acquiring full spectral scans from 55 to 200 mu m. Outflows are detected in CO (J = 1 -> 0) from 8 of 14 PBRS, with two additional tentative detections; outflows are also detected from the outbursting protostar HOPS 223 (V2775 Ori) and the Class I protostar HOPS 68. The outflows have a range of morphologies; some are spatially compact, 10,000 au in extent, while others extend beyond the primary beam. The outflow velocities and morphologies are consistent with being dominated by intermediate inclination angles (80 degrees >= i >= 20 degrees). This confirms the interpretation of the very red 24-70 mu m colors of the PBRS as a signpost of high envelope densities, with only one (possibly two) cases of the red colors resulting from edge-on inclinations. We detect high-J (J(up) > 13) CO lines and/or H2O lines from 5 of 8 PBRS and only for those with detected CO outflows. The far-infrared CO rotation temperatures of the detected PBRS are marginally colder (similar to 230 K) than those observed for most protostars (similar to 300 K), and only one of these five PBRS has detected [O (I)] 63 mu m emission. The high envelope densities could be obscuring some [O (I)] emission and cause a similar to 20 K reduction to the CO rotation temperatures.