Abstract

The new functional encapsulation layer which is presented in this study, known as conduction path on encapsulant (CPOE), has the potential to interconnect high efficiency IBC solar cells. In our study, single cell demonstrator modules were assembled reaching an efficiency of 19.3% with relative cell to module (CTM) losses below 2%. However, this concept so far requires reduction in the cell area (e.g. one-eighth cell size module design) since significant losses in FF were observed due to the high resistive losses in the CPOE. Accelerated environmental indoor tests reveal that the module based on CPOE technology passes the precondition ultra-violet (UV) degradation and damp heat (DH) exposure test for 1250 hrs. without any signs of degradation in the module packaging materials or electrically power losses. However, thermo-cycling for 200 cycles reveal relative Pmpp losses higher than 5%. Additionally, power degradation after applying a PID test at +1000V at 85°C was observed. Finally, outdoor energy yield studies of the CPOE modules compared with Zebra and p-type cell modules with soldered ribbons as references reveal higher energy yield (Ya) and performance ratio (PR) of CPOE and Zebra reference than p-type full cell module. In addition during cloudy days, CPOE modules show better energy performance when compared to Zebra reference modules.