High-Risk Human Papillomavirus and Tobacco Smoke Interactions in Epithelial Carcinogenesis

Aguayo, Francisco; Munoz, Juan P.; Perez-Dominguez, Francisco; Carrillo-Beltran, Diego; Oliva, Carolina; Calaf, Gloria M.; Blanco, Rances; Nunez-Acurio, Daniela

Abstract

Cervical, anogenital, and some head and neck cancers (HNC) are etiologically associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection, even though additional cofactors are necessary. Epidemiological studies have established that tobacco smoke (TS) is a cofactor for cervical carcinogenesis because women who smoke are more susceptible to cervical cancer when compared to non-smokers. Even though such a relationship has not been established in HPV-related HNC, a group of HPV positive patients with this malignancy are smokers. TS is a complex mixture of more than 4500 chemical compounds and approximately 60 of them show oncogenic properties such as benzo[alpha]pyrene (BaP) and nitrosamines, among others. Some of these compounds have been evaluated for carcinogenesis through experimental settings in collaboration with HR-HPV. Here, we conducted a comprehensive review of the suggested molecular mechanisms involved in cooperation with both HR-HPV and TS for epithelial carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we propose interaction models in which TS collaborates with HR-HPV to promote epithelial cancer initiation, promotion, and progression. More studies are warranted to clarify interactions between oncogenic viruses and chemical or physical environmental factors for epithelial carcinogenesis.

Más información

Título según WOS: High-Risk Human Papillomavirus and Tobacco Smoke Interactions in Epithelial Carcinogenesis
Título de la Revista: CANCERS
Volumen: 12
Número: 8
Editorial: MDPI
Fecha de publicación: 2020
DOI:

10.3390/CANCERS12082201

Notas: ISI