Abstract

Presently, researches are oriented towards the management of health and the environment to prevent various dreadful diseases. Recently, natural products from different biological resources are gaining attention due to them being harmless, non-toxic, renewable, sustainable, and biodegradable. Microalgae, the unicellular eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, are considered as the drug houses of various illnesses recently due to the ease of availability and cultivation. They are sumptuous as they harbor several functional biomolecules including polysaccharides, fatty acids, proteins, secondary metabolites, essential amino acids, vitamins, enzymes, and pigments, and are investigated globally for biological activities and subjected to nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purposes. Apoptosis is a process of programmed cellular disruption induced by external signals or internal activities which causes suppression of inflammation from varied infections. Inhibition of apoptosis might be a major cause for several cancers, autoimmune diseases, and viral infections. In this context, researchers mainly focused on the constituents derived from microalgae to investigate their roles in inducing apoptotic pathways as a mechanism to fight against cancers, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review sheds light on how these metabolites target the cellular pathways and explores the ideas of utilizing such natural components as major treatment regimens for preventing the diseases examined.