Abstract

Conventional and biological control of a native moth, Dalaca pallens (Blanchard) (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), were evaluated in Southern Chile in relation to changes on community metrics (diversity, species richness, evenness and dominance) of a soil-dwelling invertebrate assemblage. Two experiments were conducted (in winter and spring) to compare non-target effects of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide. The invertebrate community was sampled before and after spraying by extracting soil cores. Estimates of diversity (Shannon index), species richness, evenness (Hurlbert's Probability of Interspecific Encounter) and dominance indicated that the invertebrate assemblage was strongly disturbed by lambda-cyhalothrin treatment but not by B. bassiana applied in winter, over the sampling period (40 days). Spring results revealed that diversity and evenness at control and at B. bassiana plots were similar between them and higher than at lambda-cyhalothrin plots, while there were no differences between sites 30 days after treatment in species richness. Inundative biological control using B. bassiana strain QU-B931 was considered to pose lower ecological risk than lambda-cyhalothrin, currently one of the most frequently used insecticides for D. pallens control. © 2006 International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC).