Abstract

Traditional dryland viticulture in Chile is mainly based on the País variety, and it is possible to find centuries-old vineyards in various areas. Although from the beginning of national viticulture this variety was the predominant variety in Chile, it is currently relegated to dryland sectors, it is cultivated almost exclusively by small producers and destined mostly for the production of bulk wines. The prices paid, both for the grape and for its wine, are the lowest in the market. The analysis of climatic data, in the production areas of the País variety, shows that, in the last six decades, precipitation has decreased by more than 20% with respect to the average value, the days with temperatures above 30 and 35°C and spring frosts have intensified. When evaluating the effect of the rise in temperature, by an average of 2°C, through the use of a system of polycarbonate structures that allow passive heating, were observed the effects on the growth of shoots and berries, the physiology of the plant and the quality of grapes. In general, the effects observed against a rise in temperature are les severe in relation to other varieties. Although this can be explained from different points of view, the hardiness and aptitude of this variety for dry conditions is reaffirmed.