Abstract

Infection by H. pylori is everywhere at worldwide, this is acquired mainly in childhood being clinically important because it can cause a variety of diseases (gastritis, gastric or duodenal ulcer, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer throughout the patient’s lifetime, subnormal growth, malnutrition, and iron deficiency anemia, especially in children). It is widely recognized that the results obtained from studies carried out in adults cannot be generalized to studies performed to children. The objective of this review is to show the state of the art in the diagnosis of infection by H. pylori in children, trends and perspectives in the light of new developments in the analytical sciences. In order to carry out a correct description about the diagnosis, different aspects related with H. pylori are described (morphology, metabolisms, growth requirements, among other).