Abstract

The biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been an attractive research area of interest because of its wide area of applications for a sustainable future. The key aim of green synthesis is to reduce the usage of poisonous chemicals to save the environment from pollution. Nanoparticles synthesized by biological route are distinct materials with unique features such as nontoxic; outstanding electronic, photoelectrochemical, optical, and chemical properties; and wide applications in various fields such as industries, chemistry, bioelectronics, energy sector, and daily life products. Among all the biological substitutes, plants and plant extracts are the best options considering the nontoxicity, availability, and inexpensiveness of plants, and plants possess various types of reducing and capping agents. The present chapter deals with the biosynthesis of various nanoparticles using plant extracts and their applications. The green route adopted for the preparation of nanoparticles is discussed along with their applications in numerous fields.