Abstract

Currently, there is consensus about an education to promote 21st-century skills; however, limited research has explored how to incorporate them into practice-based teacher education. This article characterizes three design principles underpinning a one-year design-based research project that planned and tested a learning sequence for developing early adaptive expertise through critical thinking and collaboration. On average, the 14 prospective teachers who participated in this study scored 63% for core practices and 66% for pedagogical reasoning. Our study proposes a set of tools and activities for 21st-century teacher education that foregrounds specific progressive pedagogies to increase core practices and pedagogical reasoning performances.(c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.