Abstract

The soils of the Orinoquia are going through strong processes of productive transformation and at the same time affectations that are not being properly quantified, and models are not being projected that point to the priority of their ecological and social systems around their form of production. Its extensive land gives it potential in livestock and agriculture, with an impact on the food security of the country, especially the highland, where it is envisaged to expand the agricultural frontier. It is necessary that this agricultural development be adapted to the highland, and not the other way around. Development must be sustainable, minimizing the pressure on its resources as much as possible. The objective of this review is to describe the limitations of the agricultural development of the highland based on its soil and to analyze the alternatives for the use and improvement of the soil, associated with the production of pigs in the open field, that can improve the physical, chemical and biological characteristics. of it in a productive and sustainable way. The highland has soils that are not very fertile, acidic and prone to erosion and structural degradation; This has limited the development of its productive, economic and social potential. The challenge is to project the agricultural development of the highlands with an approach that improves soil productivity through the increase of organic matter and biomass through alternative systems such as pigs in the open field, where the contribution of their manure and etholog y are key. Without neglecting family farming, which contributes to the development of the local economy, preserving the culture and rural social capital. It is necessary to develop models where land use is optimized, local resources are used, people are prioritized and the soil is transformed in a clean, productive and low-cost way.