Abstract

Understanding the life history of understudied native and threatened fishes is crucial to develop conservation strategies for freshwater ecosystems. Puye grande (Galaxias platei) is an endemic freshwater fish of Patagonia with little known about its life history traits. To bridge this information gap, comprehensive studies under controlled conditions could expand our basal understanding of puye grande's life history. We conducted a long-term experimental study using one cohort of puye grande throughout its lifespan. We collected 423 postlarvae individuals from the Ri & ntilde;ihue Lake (southern Chile) and reared them for 11 years under captivity. We documented the maximum longevity of this species as 11 years, with a survival rate of 0.47% for the entire study period. Hatchery-reared individuals showed isometric growth (b = 2.75). Parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth model were asymptotic total length L-infinity = 20.80 cm, growth coefficient K = 0.75 yr(-1), and theoretical age at-length zero t(0) = 0.45 yr, including both sexes. Puye grande showed an iteroparous life history, with the first spawning event occurring at age 2+ and consecutive spawning events occurring mainly in fall and winter. Females had a mean (standard deviation) total fecundity of up to 58 500 (23 331) eggs individual(-1) and a mean relative fecundity in fall of 621 (109) eggs g(-1) wet mass; males had a mean spermatic density of 28.41 (4.18) x 10(9) spermatozoa mL(-1). The embryonic development until eclosion occurred 432 h post fertilization (hpf) at 12 degrees C. Our valuable baseline findings about the life history of puye grande can contribute to future strategies for managing and conserving galaxiids under global environmental change in Patagonia.