Abstract

This study focuses on the electrochemical detection of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) utilizing Ag@Ag2MoO4 microcubes, PANI-Ppy, and their nanohybrid. 4-NP is known for its environmental hazards and high toxicity, making its detection crucial. The synthesis of Ag@Ag2MoO4/PANI-Ppy is employs a microwave technique, followed by electrode fabrication using a drop-casting method. Structural, optical, morphological, and electrochemical characterizations were conducted to evaluate their efficacy for 4-NP detection. The modified electrode demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of 72 nM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 241.31 nM, with excellent selectivity against various interferences. Real water samples validated the modified electrode's viability, yielding positive recovery values. A comprehensive mechanism for the electrochemical detection of 4-NP is proposed. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd