Abstract

This paper shows how the interconnection of two controlled Irreversible port Hamiltonian Systems has to be state and co-state modulated in order to ensure the closed-loop Irreversible port Hamiltonian structure, satisfying the first and second laws of Thermodynamics. It proposes a precise parametrization of this modulation from the open-loop systems structures in order to guarantee the consistency of the closed loop energy and entropy balance equations. The results are illustrated by means of the examples of a heat-exchanger, a gas-piston system and a chemical reaction. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd