Abstract

Introduction: The cesarean section rate is important for any hospital care center. It is a quality indicator used in many publications, and although not a vital statistic, it has been recognized as an indicator of the quality of care. Objective: To know the cesarean section rate in an institution using Robson groups. Methods: Retrospective study of maternity databases. The variables of parity, previous cesarean section, labor, induction was considered in order to classify the population according to Robson groups. The analysis considered births from October 2014 to June 2021. Results: A rate of 27.9% was observed in the study period. Robson's group 5, which considers patients with one or more rate of cesarean sections, showed a high rate (68%), contributing to 36% of all cesarean sections, being only 15% of the population. Group 3, multiparas with spontaneous labor, had a rate of 1.8%, contributing to 0.4% of cesarean sections, making up 20% of the study population. A significant correlation was found between the use of instrumental delivery and a lower rate of cesarean sections, when analyzing by operator (Spearman rho: -0.45; IC95%: -0.788 to -0.0190; p = 0.043). Conclusion: The observed cesarean section rate was 27.9%, and patients with a previous cesarean section are a group where greater efforts can be concentrated to lower the overall rate. Among the operators, users of instrumental delivery had a lower proportion of cesarean sections.