Abstract

This study aims to examine the tension between determinism and freedom in the psychological and narrative works of Paul Bourget. Focusing on the period between 1873 and 1889, during which the author repeatedly explored the theme of intimacy and individuality, we will examine how evolutionary theories influenced his portrayal of characters. We will begin by analysing Bourget’s psychological thinking, examining the foundations of his criticism and the psychological novel. Next, we will address the issue of scientific determinism through the analysis of a selection of the author’s novels. Finally, we will explore the concept of freedom and its spiritual and ethical significance within Bourget’s novelistic system, highlighting his concern not only for human freedom, but also for the conscious action of the intellectual-writer.