Abstract

The Discrete Element Method (DEM) has been widely used in process modeling in industry. Understanding comminution techniques has been essential in the mineral processing industry and other sectors where rock size reduction is fundamental. With the need for more accurate and advanced models, the application of computational approaches has initiated the resolution of complex challenges in the comminution process. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of the application of DEM, focusing on modeling comminution equipment, screens, and transfer chutes between 2014 and 2024. Comminution, an essential process in mineral processing, is analyzed in detail. The importance of optimizing performance and energy efficiency at each stage, from crushing to grinding, is highlighted. The central role of DEM in overcoming the limitations of empirical models is emphasized, providing a more advanced and accurate approach to predicting operational parameters and equipment wear rates. Finally, possible paths and perspectives for applying DEM in mining equipment are suggested, addressing pending challenges and seeking solutions to emerging problems in this field.