Abstract

This study assessed the changes in the mechanical response of the human mandibular condyle head (MCH) with varying inclinations of the occlusal plane (OP). Six finite element (FE) models of the same individual were built, each with a different inclination of the OP. Three biting scenarios were simulated for each model: incisor bite, left and right first molar bite. Color-coded strain maps and value plots were used for quantitative and qualitative analysis of strain magnitudes and locations at the mandible and the MCH. The clinical significance of these were explored. The results showed that, irrespective of the OP inclination, high and low strain areas are in the same mandibular regions, with varying peak strain magnitudes. A similar trend is found in the MCH. Here, peak strain magnitudes are at the uppermost and anterior surface of the MCH, with the other surfaces showing much lower strain magnitudes in comparison; also, an intrinsic bilateral asymmetry is seen. Considering previous studies, the results suggest that an individual component may be key in how the mandible and the MCH respond mechanically to changes in the OP. These findings may help to understand the response and mandibular stability after counterclockwise rotation in orthognathic surgery.