Abstract

Background: Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen. This fungus can acquire resistance to azole antifungals due to different mutations in the cyp51A gene. Azole resistance has been observed in several continents and appears to be a globally distributed phenomenon. Specific mutations in cyp51A that lead to azole resistance, such as the TR34/L98H modification, have been reported. Aims: To evaluate the azole resistance in clinically isolated A. fumigatus strains. Methods: As a result of our passive surveillance strategy, a total of 23 A. fumigatus isolates from clinical origins were identified through a phylogenetic analysis using the ITS region and beta-tubulin gene fragments, and typed with the CSP microsatellite. Azole susceptibility profiles were performed by disk diffusion and microdilution broth methodologies according to CLSI guidelines. Results: Here we describe, for the first time, the detection of azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates from clinical origins in Chile with mutations in the cyp51A gene. In addition to the TR34/L98H mutation, one isolate exhibited an F46Y/M172V/E427K-type mutation. Furthermore, microsatellite typing based on cell surface protein (CSP) was performed, showing the t02 (TR34/L98H), t15 (F46Y/M172V/E427K) and t01 (susceptible clinical isolates) genotypes. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the presence of mutations related to azole resistance in A. fumigatus strains isolated from clinical samples in Chile. In order to obtain information that may help to tackle the spread of antifungal resistance among A. fumigatus populations, and to ensure the efficacy of future treatments against aspergillosis, a further research is necessary. (c) 2024 Asociacion Espanola de Micologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.