Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the body composition and physical fitness of a population of students with Down syndrome at two time points (in 2009 and 2019) and different subject groups. It is a trend study that examines the relationship between body composition, physical fitness, and age in a population divided into two groups based on a 10-year interval between evaluations. The results indicate a positive correlation of hip circumference in both groups of women, albeit weaker in 2019 compared to 2009. Men show weaker relationships in 2019 compared to 2009. Physical fitness in women exhibits a somewhat unpredictable trend, with maximum VO2 showing a negative relationship only in 2019, unlike dynamometry, where the positive relationship is observed only in the 2009 group. Men show that flexibility and abdominal capacity have positive relationships in the 2009 group, contrasting with maximum VO2 where the negative relationship is present in 2019. In conclusion, body composition exhibits somewhat unpredictable behavior over time, while physical fitness shows a more homogeneous trend.