Abstract

Hydrogen (H2) has been recognized as one of the key elements that will play a relevant role in achieving the decarbonization goal. Several advantages, like higher energy density, make it an attractive technology to replace fossil fuels. Based on this feature, it is even highly competitive in weight and volume compared with lithium batteries, which dominate the market. However, multiple challenges must be addressed to achieve full maturity, contribute to decarbonization, and meet environmental goals. This review article covers a complete analysis of roadmaps of different countries, including recent advances in research and industry projects, in the Latin American region, specifically in Chile, Colombia, and Brazil. As a result, various recommendations, improvements, challenges, and future opportunities are developed to promote the massive use of Hydrogen as an energy vector to support the energy transition in Latin America.