Abstract

A rigorous and novel method for characterizing LFP/C cathodes using equivalent circuits, focusing on the critical processes occurring during the stabilization of a half-cell in its third cycle is presented. The analysis of the electrochemical behavior as a function of temperature allow the determination of the activation energies for charge transfer (Ect) and the cathode-electrolyte interface (ECEI) at 100% (Ect = 0.76 eV and ECEI = 0.26 eV) and 0% (Ect = 0.30 eV and ECEI = 0.51 eV) state of charge. Significantly, the results show that the intercalation mechanism is modulated by dynamic potential barriers. Our study not only deepens the understanding of charge-discharge processes but also contributes as a simple and applicable analytical tool for advanced battery characterization.