Abstract

Deception Island, Antarctica, harbors unique polyextreme conditions fostering versatile microorganisms with significant biotechnological potential. This is due to genomic adaptation to extreme conditions that lead to metabolic alterations, such as the production of unique exopolysaccharides. Bacillus licheniformis F2LB, isolated from Deception Island, Antarctica, was evaluated for its exopolysaccharide's structural and biotechnological potential (EPS). Genome analysis revealed EPS biosynthesis, UV resistance, and thermal adaptation genes. The EPS with a putative glucogalactomannan backbone, comprised mainly of a sugar molar ratio Man: Glu: Xyl: Fuc (1: 0.7: 0.4: 0.3) and other sugars in trace amounts. Spectroscopy identified key glycosidic linkages, and morphology showed a rough, nonporous surface. Functionally, EPS demonstrated robust thermal stability (Tpeak 255 °C), remarkable antioxidant activities (~100 % H₂O₂ scavenging; DPPH: 75.5 %), good emulsifying ability (90 % in olive oil), and water (238.7 %) and oil-holding capacities (384.7 %) exceeding commercial xanthan gum. These findings underline its potential as a sustainable food additive. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.