Abstract

The global challenges associated with the limited availability of phosphorus (P) and the overuse of chemical fertilizers in agriculture require significant changes in agricultural practices, including reduced P application rates and the remobilization of legacy P. This perspective paper discusses factors affecting the concentration of available P in soils, emphasizing the role of organic phosphorus (Po). The potential of nanomaterials and their synergistic interactions with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to improve the solubility of Po and its availability to plants is demonstrated. In addition, this article addresses gaps in the literature regarding the toxicity, environmental hazards, and regulatory frameworks of these developing technologies, particularly their effects on the soil–plant continuum, aiming to promote innovative and sustainable strategies through an analysis of both potential and risks. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2025.