Abstract

Epoxy–fiberglass laminates are evaluated as glass-free encapsulation for vehicle-integrated photovoltaics (VIPV). Two commercial epoxies were characterized on cured films (FT-IR, ASTM E96 WVTR at 40 °C, push-rod dilatometry CTE, and ASTM D638 tensile). Six back-contact c-Si cells (Maxeon Gen III) were encapsulated between epoxy layers on a fiberglass backing to build 2 × 3 mini-modules (MIMOs). Outdoor I–V and electroluminescence (EL) were recorded before and after single-axis vibration. MEPSOLARIS-1350 exhibited ∼ 4× lower WVTR than MEPOX-441; MEPOX-441 showed a linear CTE of 48.2 ± 15.9 ppmK−1 (25–60 °C). The MEPOX-441 MIMO retained ≈97% of HALM-translated PMPP post-vibration with unchanged EL maps, indicating no electrically active cracking at the tested excitation. Results support epoxy–fiberglass glass-free stacks as a viable path for VIPV prototypes and highlight barrier/thermomechanical trade-offs for scaling