Abstract

Recent advancements in green synthesis processes suggest that nanoparticles produced from plant extracts are less toxic and more effective, and such particles are currently being used in a variety of medical applications. Iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) were synthesized using Euphorbia hirta leaf extracts and characterized using FTIR, UV-Vis, X-ray diffraction, SEM, and HR-transmission electron microscopy methods. The EH-FeONPs were screened for their cytotoxic activity using the MTT assay. In vitro, the synthesized EH-FeONPs exhibited a high degree of toxicity towards the MCF-7 cell line. Antimicrobial studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the fabricated EH-FeONPs against a variety of bacterial and fungal pathogens. Quantum chemical calculations were performed for Euphorbia hirta macromolecules such as luteolin, kaempferol, rutin, myricitrin, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, quercitrin, ellagic acid, chlorogenic acid, and their Fe2O2 nanocage macromolecules.