Abstract

Introduction: Digital Health (DH) requires Healthcare Decision-Makers (HDMs) to develop new competencies, fostering a positive work culture and enhancing patient care. Strengthening digital skills enables informed decisions, drives strategic investments, and ensures sustainable healthcare innovation. Defining key DH competencies establishes a clear framework for assessing the essential capabilities for effective leadership. Methods: The National Center for Health Information Systems (CENS) released the second version of the Digital Health Competency Model. Grounded in a comprehensive analysis of national and international frameworks. The model was developed with qualitative methodology for (i) Literature Review: and (ii) Construction of Domains and Competencies: In short, Focus groups were conducted with the participation of professionals, including clinical users, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) specialists, and DH experts. Results: The model defines 103 competencies across 9 domains, tailored to four key user groups: HDMs, ICT Personnel, Clinicians, and Patients.We present domains and 32 competencies directed to HDMs. The Model has been applied intensively for maturity diagnostics, workforce - health ministry and regional health services -, and education on technical and professional levels. Conclusion / Discussion: We highlight competencies for HDMs, enabling them to effectively drive digital transformation in healthcare, and applications that improve training, decision-making, health outcomes, and system efficiency. Future updates should incorporate technological advancements and policy changes. © 2025 The Authors.