Ca2+- and Voltage-Activated K+ (BK) Channels in the Nervous System: One Gene, a Myriad of Physiological Functions
Abstract
BK channels are large conductance potassium channels characterized by four pore-forming alpha subunits, often co-assembled with auxiliary beta and gamma subunits to regulate Ca2+ sensitivity, voltage dependence and gating properties. BK channels are abundantly expressed throughout the brain and in different compartments within a single neuron, including axons, synaptic terminals, dendritic arbors, and spines. Their activation produces a massive efflux of K+ ions that hyperpolarizes the cellular membrane. Together with their ability to detect changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, BK channels control neuronal excitability and synaptic communication through diverse mechanisms. Moreover, increasing evidence indicates that dysfunction of BK channel-mediated effects on neuronal excitability and synaptic function has been implicated in several neurological disorders, including epilepsy, fragile X syndrome, mental retardation, and autism, as well as in motor and cognitive behavior. Here, we discuss current evidence highlighting the physiological importance of this ubiquitous channel in regulating brain function and its role in the pathophysiology of different neurological disorders.
Más información
Título según WOS: | ID WOS:000939027800001 Not found in local WOS DB |
Título de la Revista: | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES |
Volumen: | 24 |
Número: | 4 |
Editorial: | MDPI |
Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
DOI: |
10.3390/ijms24043407 |
Notas: | ISI |