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Alejandro Andres Hidalgo Cea

Associate Professor

Universidad Andres Bello

Santiago, Chile

Study essential genes, impact of pseudogenes and how metabolism affects antibiotics resistance in Salmonella. 2 vaccine prototypes with programed death are under testing. We use Classic microbiology, genetics, biochemical and cell biology techniques.

Ph.D. Biochemistry, State University Of New York, Buffalo. Estados Unidos, 2012
Título de Bioquímico, UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE. Chile, 2002
Licenciado en Bioquímica, UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE. Chile, 2001
Postdoc, Cancer therapeutics, ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE. Estados Unidos, 2013
Postdoc, Bacterial Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Pathogensis and anti-microbials, UNAB. Chile, 2016

Postdoc Full Time

ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE

Buffalo, NY, Estados Unidos

2012 - 2013
Predoctoral researcher Full Time

State University of New York - University at Buffalo

Buffalo, NY, Estados Unidos

2007 - 2012
Researche assistant Full Time

Roswell Park Cancer Institute

Buffalo, NY, Estados Unidos

2004 - 2006
Associate Professor Full Time

UNIVERSIDAD ANDRES BELLO

Medicina

Santiago, Chile

2019 - A la fecha
Profesor Asistente Adjunto Full Time

UNIVERSIDAD ANDRES BELLO

Medicina

Santiago, RM, Chile

2016 - 2019
Profesor Asistente Adjunto Part Time

UNIVERSIDAD SAN ANDRES

Ciencias Biológicas

Santiago, RM, Chile

2013 - 2016

Profesor Other

Universidad Andrés Bello

Santiago, Chile

2013 - A la fecha

THESES MENTORING

DOCTORAL DEGREE:
Ana R. Millanao, Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile (Apr 2020)

MASTER DEGREE
Bruno Garces, Master in Biochemistry, Universidad Andrés Bello (Mar 2021)
Nuria C. Gutierrez, Master in Biochemistry, Universidad Andrés Bello (Ene 2019)
Mara B. Hidalgo, Master in Biochemistry, Universidad Andrés Bello (Aug 2017)

UNDERGRADUATED DEGREE
María José Peña, Program of Pharmacy, Universidad Andrés Bello (Jun 2021)
Fabián E. Pérez, Program of Pharmacy, Universidad Andrés Bello (Jany 2017)

THESES CO-MENTORING
Paloma Manosalva, Program of Pharmacy, Universidad Andrés Bello (jan 2020)
Aracely Y. Mora, Master in Biochemistry, Universidad Andrés Bello (oct 2018)
Zvonimir I. Mihovilovic, Program of Pharmacy, Universidad Andrés Bello (May 2017)
Víctor Canales, Master in Biotech. Engineering, Universidad Andrés Bello (sep 2017)

THESES EVALUATION COMMITTEE
José Silva, Program of Pharmacy, Universidad Andrés Bello (jan 2021)
Diego Lorca, undergraduate program in Biochemistry, Universidad Andrés Bello (Jun 2021)
Andrés Silva, Magíster en Biotecnología, Universidad Andrés Bello (may 2020)
Cesar Valenzuela, Master in Biotech. Engineering, Universidad Andrés Bello (may 2020)
Nicolas Opazo, Program of Pharmacy, Universidad Andrés Bello (jan 2020)
Ezequiel Rivas, program of Pharmacy (May 2017), Universidad Andrés Bello
Mauricio Galaz, MS. Biochemistry, Universidad Andrés Bello (Jun 2018)
Cynthia Navarrete, program of Pharmacy (Mayo 2017), Universidad Andrés Bello
Jan Neverman, MS. Biochemistry (September 2016), Universidad Andrés Bello
Silvana Urra, MS. Biochemistry (Mar 2016), Universidad Andrés Bello
Alan Briones, MS. Biochemistry (Mar 2016), Universidad Andrés Bello
Ana inostroza, MS. Biochemistry (Jan 2016), Universidad Andrés Bello
Catalina Díaz, MS. Biochemistry (Sep 2015), Universidad Andrés Bello
Carolina Cabezas, MS. Biochemistry (Apr 2015), Universidad Andrés Bello
Mackarena Contreras, MS. Biochemistry (Jun 2014), Universidad Andrés Bello

TECHING EXPERIENCE

General Microbiology I, BIOL250 for the Program in Pharmacy (03/2016-present)
School of Medicine, Universidad Andrés Bello

General Biochemistry I, BIOL260 for the Program in Pharmacy (03/2019-present)
School of Medicine, Universidad Andrés Bello

Laboratory of Microbiology I, BIOL251 for the Program in Pharmacy (during 2016)
School of Medicine, Universidad Andrés Bello

Invited Professor, Bio396 mechanisms of gene expression in prokaryotic organisms (07/2015-present) Class covering topics of transcriptional termination, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello

Invited Professor, Molecular Microbiology of Intracellular pathogenic bacteria (2014-present)
Class: Interaction of Salmonella with the host cell
Course for graduate students, Program of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Chile

Laboratory of Microbiology II, Bio351 (2013-present)
Theoretical/practical course on topics of bacterial genetics, for students of Biochemistry in their 4th Year School of Biological Sciences, University Andrés Bello

MEETING ATTENDANCE ( * indicates oral presentation, first or last author only, from over 40 presentations, last 5 years)

Mora A, Jerez S, Millanao A, Villagra A, Hidalgo AA. “Engineered Salmonella strains, with tetracycline-dependent growth features, to be used as vaccines and delivery vectors.” XLI Congreso SOMICH, november 2019, Puerto Varas, Chile
Hidalgo AA, Fuentes JA, Arias AJ, Mora GC, Villagra NA. “Nueva Aproximación para disminuir la resistencia antimicrobiana, mediada por bombas de expulsión, en patógenos de importancia médica.” XLI Congreso SOMICH, november 2019, Puerto Varas, Chile
Mora AY, Villagra NA, Mora GC, Hidalgo AA. La pseudogenización del gen tsr, un sensor del aceptor alternativo de electrones nitrato, modula la patogenicidad de Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. XXIV Congreso ALAM, Noviembre 2018, Santiago, Chile
Gutiérrez NC, Hidalgo MB, Mora AY, Hidalgo AA. YqgF regulates the expression of genes involved in the pathogenicity of S. Typhimurium. XXIV Congreso ALAM, Noviembre 2018, Santiago, Chile
Mora AY, Villagra NA, Mora GC, Hidalgo AA. “The loss of genes involved in sensing alternative electron acceptors modulates the pathogenicity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. ”XXXIX Congreso SOMICH, Noviembre 2017, La Serena, Chile
Gutierrez NC, Hidalgo MB, Mora AY, Hidalgo AA. “Transcriptional changes of genes regulated by yqgF gene product in Salmonella Typhimurium.” XXXIX Congreso SOMICH, Noviembre 2017, La Serena, Chile
Hidalgo MB, Villagra NA y Hidalgo AA. “Regulación de la expresión del gen yqgF usando un sistema inducible en Salmonella.” XXXVIII Congreso SOMICH, December 2016 , Valdivia, Chile
Pérez FE, Rodríguez M, Villagra NA y Hidalgo AA. El lipopolisacárido como determinante de la resistencia a extractos vegetales con actividad antimicrobiana. XXXVIII Congreso SOMICH, December 2016, Valdivia, Chile
*Hidalgo AA. “A conditionally lethal mutant of Salmonella Typhimurium induces strong humoral-immune response in mice.” XXXVII Congreso SOMICH, Decembre 2015, La Serena , Chile

CONICYT Fellowship for doctoral studies in foreign countries

CONICYT gestión propia

Estados Unidos, 2008

Included stipend and living costs
Predoctoral traineeships-DOD, Department of Defense, United States

Department of Defence - USA

Estados Unidos, 2007

Funding for stipend and laboratory supplies
Achievement Award, Recruitment and Retention Funding, SUNY at Buffalo

STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEY YORK AT BUFFALO

Chile, 2017

Price for academic achievements during first year of doctoral studies
IGPBS Fellowship, SUNY at Buffalo

STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEY YORK AT BUFFALO

Chile, 2006

Fellowship to cover stipend during the first year at the “Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences”


Inactivation of Glutamine Synthetase-Coding Gene glnA Increases Susceptibility to Quinolones Through Increasing Outer Membrane Protein F in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Millanao A.R.; Mora A.Y.; Saavedra, C. P.; Villagra N.A.; Mora, G. C.; Hidalgo, A. A. Article ISI SCOPUS FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2020)
Cysteine auxotrophy drives reduced susceptibility to quinolones and paraquat by inducing the expression of efflux-pump systems and detoxifying enzymes in S. Typhimurium Villagra NA, Valenzuela LM, Mora AY, Millanao AR, Saavedra CP, Mora GC, Hidalgo AA. Article ISI SCOPUS BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2019)
The Transcription Factor ArcA Modulates Salmonella's Metabolism in Response to Neutrophil Hypochlorous Acid-Mediated Stress Pardo-Este, Coral; Castro-Severyn, Juan; Kruger, Gabriel, I; Cabezas, Carolina Elizabeth; BRIONES, ALAN CRISTOBAL; Aguirre, Camila; Morales, Naiyulin; Baquedano, Maria Soledad; Sulbaran, Yoelvis Noe; Hidalgo, Alejandro A.; Meneses, Claudio; Poblete-Castro, Ignacio; Castro-Nallar, Eduardo; Valvano, Miguel A.; Saavedra, Claudia P. Article ISI SCOPUS FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2019)
The ArcAB two-component regulatory system promotes resistance to reactive oxygen species and systemic infection by Salmonella Typhimurium Pardo-Este, C; Hidalgo, AA; Aguirre, C; BRIONES, AC; Cabezas, CE; Castro-Severyn, J; Fuentes, JA; Opazo, CM; Riedel, CA; Otero, C; Pacheco, R; Valvano, MA; Saavedra, CP Article ISI SCOPUS PLOS ONE (2018)
The transcription factor SlyA from Salmonella Typhimurium regulates genes in response to hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite Cabezas, Carolina E.; BRIONES, ALAN C.; Aguirre, Camila; Pardo-Este, Coral; Castro-Severyn, Juan; Salinas, Cesar R.; Baquedano, Maria S.; Hidalgo, Alejandro A.; Fuentes, Juan A; Morales, Eduardo H; Meneses, Claudio A.; Castro-Nallar, Eduardo; Paz Saavedra, Claudia Article ISI SCOPUS RESEARCH IN MICROBIOLOGY (2018)
Xylose Improves Antibiotic Activity of Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline against K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii in a Murine Model of Skin Infection Hidalgo, Alejandro A.; Arias, Angel J.; Fuentes, Juan A; Garcia, Patricia; Mora, Guido C.; Villagra, Nicolas A. Article ISI SCOPUS CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2018)
A conditionally lethal mutant of Salmonella Typhimurium induces a protective response in mice Hidalgo, AA; villagra NA; Jerez, SA; Fuentes, JA.; Mora, GC Article ISI SCOPUS BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2016)
Lose to win: marT pseudogenization in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi contributed to the surV-dependent survival to H2O2, and inside human macrophage-like cells Ortega AP, Villagra NA, Urrutia IM, Valenzuela LM, Talamilla-Espinoza A, Hidalgo AA, Rodas PI, Gil F, Calderón IL, Paredes-Sabja D, Mora CG, Fuentes JA Article Infect Genet Evol (2016)
Lose to win=> marT pseudogenization in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi contributed to the surV-dependent survival to HO, and inside human macrophage-like cells. Ortega, A P; Villagra, N A; Urrutia, I M; Valenzuela, L M; Talamilla-Espinoza, A; Hidalgo, A A; Rodas, P I; Gil, F; Calderón, I L; Paredes-Sabja, D; Mora, G C; Fuentes, J A Article Infection, genetics and evolution => journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases (2016)
SPI-9 of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is constituted by an operon positively regulated by RpoS and contributes to adherence to epithelial cells in culture Velásquez JC; Hidalgo AA; Villagra NA; Santiviago CA; Mora GC; Fuentes JA Article MICROBIOLOGY (2016)
SPI-9 of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is constituted by an operon positively regulated by RpoS and contributes to adherence to epithelial cells in culture. Velásquez, Juan C; Hidalgo, Alejandro A; Villagra, Nicolás; Santiviago, Carlos A; Mora, Guido C; Fuentes, Juan A Article Microbiology (Reading, England) (2016)
Pseudogenization of sopA and sopE2 is functionally linked and contributes to virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Valenzuela, LM; Hidalgo, AA; Rodríguez L.; urrutia im; Ortega, AP; villagra NA; Paredes Sabja D; Calderon, IL; Gil, F; Saavedra, CP; Mora, GC; Fuentes, JA. Article ISI SCOPUS INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION (2015)
RpoS integrates CRP, Fis, and PhoP signaling pathways to control Salmonella Typhi hlyE expression Jofre, MR; Rodriguez, LM; villagra NA; Hidalgo, AA; Mora, GC; Fuentes, JA. Article ISI SCOPUS BMC MICROBIOLOGY (2014)
RpoS integrates CRP, Fis, and PhoP signaling pathways to control Salmonella Typhi hlyE expression. Jofré, Matías R; Rodríguez, Leonardo M; Villagra, Nicolás A; Hidalgo, Alejandro A; Mora, Guido C; Fuentes, Juan A Article BMC microbiology (2014)
Salmonella Typhi shdA: Pseudogene or allelic variant? urrutia im; Fuentes, JA.; Valenzuela, LM; Ortega, AP; Hidalgo, AA; Mora, GC Article ISI SCOPUS INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION (2014)
Inecalcitol, an analog of 1,25D(3), displays enhanced antitumor activity through the induction of apoptosis in a squamous cell carcinoma model system Ma, Yingyu; Yu, Wei-Dong; Hidalgo, Alejandro A.; Luo, Wei; Delansorne, Remi; Johnson, Candace S.; Trump, Donald L. Article ISI CELL CYCLE (2013)
Inecalcitol, an analog of 1,25D3, displays enhanced antitumor activity through the induction of apoptosis in a squamous cell carcinoma model system Ma Y, Yu WD, Hidalgo AA, Luo W, Delansorne R, Johnson CS and Trump DL Article CELL CYCLE (2013)
The carbon source influences the efflux pump-mediated antimicrobial resistance in clinically important Gram-negative bacteria Villagra NA, Fuentes JA, Jofré MR, Hidalgo AA, García P and Mora GC Article J. Antimicrob. Chemother (2012)
Biochemical characterization of nuclear receptors for vitamin D-3 and glucocorticoids in prostate stroma cell microenvironment Hidalgo, AA; Montecinos, VP; Paredes, R.; Godoy, AS; McNerney, EM; Tovar, H; Pantoja D.; Johnson C.; Trump D.; Onate, SA Article ISI SCOPUS Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (2011)
Dexamethasone Enhances 1 alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D-3 Effects by Increasing Vitamin D Receptor Transcription Hidalgo, Alejandro A.; Deeb, Kristin K.; Pike, J. Wesley; Johnson, Candace S.; Trump, Donald L. Article ISI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2011)
Dexamethasone enhances 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 effects by increasing vitamin D receptor transcription Hidalgo AA, Deeb KK, Pike JW, Johnson CS and Trump DL Article J. Biol. Chem. (2011)
Glucocorticoid regulation of the vitamin D receptor Hidalgo AA, Trump DL and Johnson CS Article J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. (2010)
SmvA, and not AcrB, is the major efflux pump for acriflavine and related compounds in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium villagra NA; Hidalgo, AA; Santiviago, CA; Saavedra, CP; Mora, GC Article ISI SCOPUS JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2008)
Altered VDR-mediated transcriptional activity in prostate cancer stroma Hidalgo AA, Paredes R, Garcia VM, Flynn G, Johnson CS, Trump DL, and Onate SA. Article J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. (2007)
Hypoxia increases androgen receptor activity in prostate cancer cells Park SY, Kim YJ, Gao AC, Mohler JL, Hidalgo AA, Onate SA, Ip C, Park EM, Yoon SY, and Park YM. Article Cancer Res (2006)
Insertions of mini-Tn10 transposon T-POP in Salmonella enterica sv. typhi Hidalgo, AA; Trombert, AN; Castro-Alonso, JC; Santiviago, CA; Tesser, BR; Youderian, P; Mora, GC Article ISI SCOPUS GENETICS (2004)
Global regulation of the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium major porin, OmpD Santiviago, CA; Toro, CS; Hidalgo, AA; Youderian, P; Mora, GC Article ISI SCOPUS JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY (2003)


IDENTIFICATION OF GENES REGULATED BY YQGF, A NOVEL ANTI-RHO FACTOR THAT DIFFERENTIALLY CONTROLS THE FITNESS OF SALMONELLA IN VITRO AND IN THE INTRACELLULAR MICROENVIRONMENT FONDECYT (11150588) Proyecto 2015-2018 Inv. Responsable
LOSS OF KEY FUNCTIONS DRIVES SALMONELLA TYPHI ADAPTIVE PATHOGENESIS TO HUMANS FONDECYT (1151393) Proyecto 2015-2019 Coinvestigador(a)
Diseño de una formulación para uso farmacéutico efectiva contra bacterias multirresistentes de importancia médica FONDEF (CA12i10110) Proyecto 2013-2014 Coinvestigador(a)
MUTANTES CONDICIONALES DE SALMONELLA PARA SER USADAS COMO VECTORES FONDECYT (3130523) Proyecto 2012-2015 Inv. Responsable
Molecular Mechanisms of Differential Effects of Calcitriol on Endothelial Cells Isolated from Prostate Tumor and Normal Microenvironment Grant DOD PC050202, United States, Department of Defense (CP050202) Proyecto 2007-2008 Inv. Principal
CARACTERIZACION GENETICA DE LOS MECANISMOS MOLECULARES DE LA PATOGENICIDAD DE SALMONELLA TYPHI=> INVACION A CELULAS EPITELIALES Y ESPECIFICIDAD DE HOSPEDERO. FONDECYT (1990153) Proyecto 1999-2002 Tesista

Alejandro Hidalgo

Associate Professor

Escuela de Química y Farmacia

Universidad Andres Bello

Santiago, Chile

Guido Mora

Académico/Investigador

Facultad Ciencias de la Salud

Universidad SEK

Santiago, Chile

Claudia Saavedra

Full Professor

Departmento de Ciencias de la Vida

UNIVERSIDAD ANDRÉS BELLO

Santiago, Chile

Juan Fuentes

Académico

Ciencias Biológicas

Universidad Andrés Bello

Santiago, Chile

Nicolás Villagra

Profesor Asistente

Tecnología Médica

UNIVERSIDAD ANDRES BELLO

Santiago, Chile

Juan Castro

Post-Doctorante

Universidad Católica del Norte

Antofagasta, Chile

Carolina Cabezas

Alan Briones

Bioquímico Clínico

Hospital San Juan de Dios

Santiago, Chile

Coral Pardo

Investigador postdoctoral

Universidad Católica del Norte

antofagasta, Chile

Ítalo Urrutia

Profesor Asistente

Universidad Autónoma de Chile

Santiago, Chile

Viviana Montecinos

Assistant Professor

Hematology Oncology

Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile

Santiago, Chile

Eduardo Castro

Professor

Departamento de Microbiología

Universidad de Talca

Talca, Chile

Claudio Meneses

Profesor Asociado

Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal/ Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Santiago, Chile

Sergio Onate

Associate Professor

Medical Specialties

UNIVERSIDAD DE CONCEPCION, DEPARTAMENTO FISIOPATOLOGIA

concepcion, Chile

Patricia García

Jefe de Laboratorio de Microbiologia

Escuela de Medicina

PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATOLICA DE CHILE, LABORATORIO DE MICROBIOLOGÍA

Santiago, Chile

Rodrigo Pacheco

Associate Investigator; Head of the Laboratory of Neuroimmunology

Fundación Ciencia para la Vida

Santiago, Chile

Juan Castro

Researcher

Universidad de Chile

Santiago, Chile

IVAN CALDERON

Associate Professor / Principal Investigator/ Master in Biotechnology & Life Sciences Director

Biological Sciences

UNIVERSIDAD ANDRÉS BELLO

SANTIAGO, Chile

Maria Opazo

Profesor Asociado

Universidad de Las Américas

Santiago, Chile

Fernando Gil

Associate Professor

Biological Sciences

UNIVERSIDAD ANDRES BELLO

Santiago, Chile

Ignacio Poblete

Professor

Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering

Universidad de Santiago de Chile

santiago, Chile

Daniel Paredes

Associate Professor

Department of Biological Sciences

Universidad Andrés Bello

Santiago, Chile

Gabriel Krüger

Investigador Doctoral

Universidad Andrés Bello

Santiago Centro, Chile

Matías Jofré

Académico

Universidad Finis Terrae

Santiago, Chile

Maria Otero

Profesor Asociado

UNIVERSIDAD ANDRES BELLO

Santiago, Chile

Alejandro Andres Hidalgo Cea

Líneas de Investigación

Educación

Ph.D. Biochemistry, State University Of New York, Buffalo. Estados Unidos, 2012

Título de Bioquímico, UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE. Chile, 2002

Licenciado en Bioquímica, UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE. Chile, 2001

Postdoc, Cancer therapeutics, ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE. Estados Unidos, 2013

Postdoc, Bacterial Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Pathogensis and anti-microbials, UNAB. Chile, 2016

Experiencia Académica

Postdoc Full Time

Predoctoral researcher Full Time

Researche assistant Full Time

Associate Professor Full Time

Profesor Asistente Adjunto Full Time

Profesor Asistente Adjunto Part Time

Experiencia Profesional

Profesor Other

Formación de Capital Humano

Difusión y Transferencia

Premios y Distinciones

CONICYT Fellowship for doctoral studies in foreign countries

Predoctoral traineeships-DOD, Department of Defense, United States

Achievement Award, Recruitment and Retention Funding, SUNY at Buffalo

IGPBS Fellowship, SUNY at Buffalo

Article (27)

Proyecto (6)

IDENTIFICATION OF GENES REGULATED BY YQGF, A NOVEL ANTI-RHO FACTOR THAT DIFFERENTIALLY CONTROLS THE FITNESS OF SALMONELLA IN VITRO AND IN THE INTRACELLULAR MICROENVIRONMENT

LOSS OF KEY FUNCTIONS DRIVES SALMONELLA TYPHI ADAPTIVE PATHOGENESIS TO HUMANS

Diseño de una formulación para uso farmacéutico efectiva contra bacterias multirresistentes de importancia médica

MUTANTES CONDICIONALES DE SALMONELLA PARA SER USADAS COMO VECTORES

Molecular Mechanisms of Differential Effects of Calcitriol on Endothelial Cells Isolated from Prostate Tumor and Normal Microenvironment

CARACTERIZACION GENETICA DE LOS MECANISMOS MOLECULARES DE LA PATOGENICIDAD DE SALMONELLA TYPHI=> INVACION A CELULAS EPITELIALES Y ESPECIFICIDAD DE HOSPEDERO.